Art History 282/682, Modern Architecture

Week 4, Class 2

Art, Industry, and the German Werkbund

Auguste Perret, Apartment Building at 25 rue Franklin, Paris, 1902

Auguste Perret, Garage at 51 rue Ponthieu, Paris, 1905

Auguste Perret, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris, 1911-1913

Henry van der Velde

Auguste Perret: "One must never allow into a building any element destined solely for ornament, but rather turn into ornament all the parts necessary for support."

Robert Maillart, Tavanesa Bridge, Switzerland, 1905

Robert Maillart, Salginatobel Bridge, Switzerland, 1930

Viollet-le-Duc

Sigfried Giedion, Space, Time and Architecture, 1941

Abraham Darby III and Thomas Pritchard, Iron Bridge, Coalbrookdale, England, 1779

Peter Behrens, Behrens House, Darmstadt, Germany, 1901

Peter Behrens, Northwest Germany Art Exhibition Building, Oldenburg, Germany, 1905

Otto von Bismark

Friedrich Nietzsche

Hermann Muthesius, The English House, 1904

Karl Schmidt, Dresden Workshop for Manual Art

Friedrich Naumann, "Art in the Epoch of the Machine," 1904

Frank Lloyd Wright, "The Art and Craft of the Machine," 1901

German Werkbund

Adolf Loos

Peter Behrens, Düsseldorf Applied Arts School

Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft, AEG

Peter Behrens, AEG Turbine Factory, Berlin, Germany, 1908-1909

Peter Behrens, Gasworks, Frankfurt on Main, Germany, 1911-1912

Hans Poelzig, Chemical Factory, Luban, Germany (now Poland), 1911

Walter Gropius, "The Development of Modern Industrial Architecture," from the Jahrbuch des Deutschen Werkbundes, 1913

"America, the Motherland of Industry [Gropius contended], possesses some majestic original constructions which far outstrip anything of a similar kind achieved in Germany. The compelling monumentality of the Canadian and South America grain elevators, the coaling bunkers built for the leading railway companies and the newest work halls of the great North American industrial trusts can almost bear comparison with the work of the ancient Egyptians in their overwhelming monumental power. [T]he impact of these buildings seems to lie in the fact that American builders have retained a natural feeling for large compact forms fresh and intact. Our own architects might take this as a valuable hint and refuse to pay any more attention to those fits of historicist nostalgia and other intellectual fancies under which European creativity still lingers and which frustrate our true artistic naiveté."

Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, Fagus Shoelast Factory, Alfeld, Germany, 1911-1912

Peter Behrens, Festhalle, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, Germany, 1914

Henry van der Velde, Werkbund Theater, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, Germany, 1914

Bruno Taut, Glass Pavilion, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, Germany, 1914

Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, Werkbund Pavilion, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, Germany, 1914

Frank Lloyd Wright, Park Inn Hotel, Mason City, Iowa, 1909-1910

Deutzer Gasmotoren Pavilion